@MastersThesis{Ribeiro:2018:DiAtUr,
author = "Ribeiro, Renata Maciel",
title = "Revisitando a {"}floresta urbanizada{"}: as din{\^a}micas atuais
de urbaniza{\c{c}}{\~a}o e convers{\~a}o florestal na
Amaz{\^o}nia Paraense",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2018",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2018-08-24",
keywords = "amaz{\^o}nia, urbaniza{\c{c}}{\~a}o, desmatamento, Par{\'a},
padr{\~o}es espa{\c{c}}o-temporais, Amazon, urbanization,
deforestation, Par{\'a}, spatial-temporal patterns.",
abstract = "Na Amaz{\^o}nia Brasileira, as din{\^a}micas de
urbaniza{\c{c}}{\~a}o e convers{\~a}o florestal possuem
l{\'o}gicas complexas, dependentes de processos e agentes
operando em diferentes escalas, e suas rela{\c{c}}{\~o}es
causais, apesar de apontadas na literatura, n{\~a}o podem ser
diretamente estabelecidas. Assim, abordagens metodol{\'o}gicas
que envolvam escalas espaciais distintas s{\~a}o essenciais para
apreender e representar estas din{\^a}micas. Este trabalho
explora a evolu{\c{c}}{\~a}o espacial e temporal da
urbaniza{\c{c}}{\~a}o e da convers{\~a}o florestal na
Amaz{\^o}nia, considerando os elementos observ{\'a}veis e
mensur{\'a}veis destes processos: a expans{\~a}o urbana, como a
dimens{\~a}o observ{\'a}vel dos processos de
urbaniza{\c{c}}{\~a}o em curso, e o desmatamento, como uma
medida dos processos de convers{\~a}o florestal. O estudo {\'e}
conduzido para dois n{\'{\i}}veis territoriais: Amaz{\^o}nia
Legal e estado do Par{\'a}, e para tr{\^e}s escalas espaciais,
de acordo com suas unidades de an{\'a}lise: (i) os estados da
Amaz{\^o}nia Legal, (ii) os munic{\'{\i}}pios do Par{\'a}, e
(iii) uma grade de c{\'e}lulas regulares para o estado do
Par{\'a}. Esta abordagem multin{\'{\i}}vel e multiescala foi
realizada em tr{\^e}s etapas. Na primeira etapa, obteve-se uma
tipologia das rela{\c{c}}{\~o}es entre urbaniza{\c{c}}{\~a}o e
cobertura Florestal a partir dos padr{\~o}es
espa{\c{c}}o-temporais das tend{\^e}ncias de
evolu{\c{c}}{\~a}o do grau de urbaniza{\c{c}}{\~a}o
(popula{\c{c}}{\~a}o urbana) e incremento do desmatamento, tanto
para os estados da Amaz{\^o}nia Legal quanto para os
munic{\'{\i}}pios do Par{\'a}. Na segunda etapa, as
rela{\c{c}}{\~o}es entre expans{\~a}o urbana e desmatamento
para o estado do Par{\'a} foram exploradas atrav{\'e}s do uso de
Regress{\~o}es Geograficamente Ponderadas (GWR), para duas
unidades espaciais de an{\'a}lise: os limites poligonais
municipais e as c{\'e}lulas de 20x20km. Os resultados dos
par{\^a}metros das regress{\~o}es classificaram grupos de
munic{\'{\i}}pios e grupos de c{\'e}lulas com comportamento
espa{\c{c}}o-temporal similares. Na terceira etapa, os
padr{\~o}es de associa{\c{c}}{\~a}o espacial da
rela{\c{c}}{\~a}o entre desmatamento e expans{\~a}o urbana
foram explorados a partir da base metodol{\'o}gica proposta pela
Curva Ambiental de Kuznets (EKC). Tomando-se o desenvolvimento
socioecon{\^o}mico como dimens{\~a}o de an{\'a}lise, os
munic{\'{\i}}pios do estado do Par{\'a} apresentaram diferentes
formatos da curva EKC. Os resultados de todas as etapas
evidenciaram a complexidade das rela{\c{c}}{\~o}es entre os
processos de convers{\~a}o florestal e urbaniza{\c{c}}{\~a}o na
Amaz{\^o}nia, e a variabilidade das rela{\c{c}}{\~o}es
considerando diferentes escalas espaciais. Cada recorte
espa{\c{c}}o-temporal e as abordagens metodol{\'o}gicas
aportaram diferentes elementos objetivos que evidenciam a
dificuldade de se estabelecer rela{\c{c}}{\~o}es gerais e
diretas, ou conclusivas quanto {\`a} coocorr{\^e}ncia, ou
concord{\^a}ncia, dos processos de urbaniza{\c{c}}{\~a}o e da
convers{\~a}o florestal. Este estudo contribui com
informa{\c{c}}{\~o}es derivadas de partes mensur{\'a}veis de
processos complexos, para que a agenda sobre modelos de
desenvolvimento regional retome o componente urbano como elemento
essencial para se pensar em um bioma Amaz{\^o}nico socialmente
justo e ambientalmente respons{\'a}vel. ABSTRACT: In the
Brazilian Amazon, the dynamics of urbanization and forest
conversion have complex logics that are dependent on processes and
agents operating at different scales, and their causal
relationships, although underlined in the literature, cannot be
directly established. Therefore, methodological approaches
involving distinct spatial scales are essential to understand and
represent those dynamics and their relationships. This work
explores the spatial and temporal evolution of urbanization and
tropical forest in the Amazon considering the observable and
measurable elements present in these processes: urban expansion,
as the observable dimension of ongoing urbanization processes; and
deforestation, as a measure of forest conversion processes. The
study was carried out at two territorial levels: Legal Amazon and
state of Par{\'a}, and at three spatial scales according to its
analytical spatial units: (i) the states of the Legal Amazon, (ii)
the municipalities of Par{\'a}, and (iii) a regular grid for the
state of Par{\'a} as a non-politicaladministrative territory.
This multilevel and multiscale approach was performed in three
stages. In the first stage, a typology of the relationships
between urbanization and forest cover was obtained from the trends
analysis of the spatio-temporal patterns, observed from the degree
of urbanization (population) and deforestation increase, both for
the states of the Legal Amazon and for the municipalities of
Par{\'a}. In the second stage, spatial relationships between
urban expansion and deforestation for the state of Par{\'a} were
explored by Geographically Weighted Regressions (GWR) modeling,
considering two spatial analysis units: the municipal polygonal
boundaries and the cells of a 20x20km regular grid. Results of the
regression parameters classified groups of municipalities and
groups of cells with similar spatio-temporal behavior. In the
third stage, patterns of spatial association of the relationship
between deforestation and urban expansion were analyzed by the
Kuznets Environmental Curve (EKC) approach. Taking socioeconomic
development as the analysis dimension, the municipalities of the
state of Par{\'a} presented different formats for the EKC curve.
Results of all stages provided evidences about the complexity of
the relations between the processes of forest conversion and
urbanization in the Amazon, and the relationships were variable
along different spatial scales. Each spatial-temporal and
methodological approach brought different objective elements that
demonstrate the difficulty of establishing general and direct
relations, or conclusive ones, regarding the co-occurrence, or
agreement, of the urbanization and the forest conversion
processes. This study contributes ultimately with information
derived from measurable parts of complex processes, so that the
agenda on regional development models can xiv resume the urban
component as an essential element to plan an Amazon biome that is
at same time socially just and environmentally responsible.",
committee = "Escada, Maria Isabel Sobral Escada (presidente) and Kampel,
Silvana Amaral (orientadora) and Monteiro, Ant{\^o}nio Miguel
Vieira (orientador) and Dal'Asta, Ana Paula and Pinho, Carolina
Moutinho Duque de",
englishtitle = "Revisiting {"}the amazon - an urbanized forest{"}: relations
between the current dynamics of urbanization and Forest conversion
in the Para State, Brazil.",
language = "pt",
pages = "124",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP3W34R/3RNESLE",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP3W34R/3RNESLE",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}